Mr. Barnett and his partners are among a small band of developers borrowing heavily and rolling the dice on a highly select clientele: the global elite who float above the economic malaise. While a hallmark of the economic downturn has been the collapse of the housing market, the extreme top of residential market in New York has been resilient.
In March, Russian pop-music composer Igor Krutoy paid the highest price ever for a New York condo, shelling out $48 million for 6,000 square feet of space in the Plaza hotel with a sweeping view of Central Park. Through November, buyers in Manhattan signed 529 contracts for apartments priced at $4 million or more, the fastest pace since 2007, according to the Olshan Luxury Report, which tracks high-end residential sales.
The rise of an affluent class in the developing world is driving much of the action. China has 5,400 individuals who are worth at least $50 million, which ranks it above every country but the U.S., according to the Global Wealth Report from Credit Suisse. Russia, Brazil and India each have more than 1,500 of these so-called ultrahigh-net-worth individuals.
Besides offering status, luxury condos are viewed as a way to preserve capital when financial markets offer poor returns or when there is concern, as in the Middle East, about government stability. In most downturns, luxury property holds its value better than the market as a whole.
Other New York condo projects that targeted the upper crust have cratered because of poor timing. In the early 1990s, developer Bruce Eichner turned over to creditors a soaring 73-story tower that was packed with amenities and also aimed squarely at international buyers. It was located just one block away from Mr. Barnett's project. Extell and its partners could get stuck with a shimmering building full of unsold condos and a limited income stream to pay off massive debt.
Extell isn't the only condo developer courting these buyers. CIM Group and developer Harry Macklowe are building a 1,420-foot condominium at 440 Park Avenue, which will be the tallest residential tower in the western hemisphere.
Mr. Barnett says within a week of opening his salesroom last month, One57 had two signed contracts for $45 million each.